RTM API client

The Legacy Real Time Messaging (RTM) API is a WebSocket-based API that allows you to receive events from Slack in real time and to send messages as users.

If you prefer events to be pushed to your app, we recommend using the HTTP-based Events API instead. The Events API contains some events that aren't supported in the Legacy RTM API (such as the app_home_opened event), and it supports most of the event types in the Legacy RTM API. If you'd like to use the Events API, you can use the Python Slack Events Adaptor.

The RTMClient allows apps to communicate with the Legacy RTM API.

The event-driven architecture of this client allows you to simply link callbacks to their corresponding events. When an event occurs, this client executes your callback while passing along any information it receives. We also give you the ability to call our web client from inside your callbacks.

In our example below, we watch for a message event that contains "Hello" and if it's received, we call the say_hello() function. We then issue a call to the web client to post back to the channel saying "Hi" to the user.

Configuring the RTM API

Events using the Legacy RTM API must use a Slack app with a plain bot scope.

If you already have a Slack app with a plain bot scope, you can use those credentials. If you don't and need to use the Legacy RTM API, you can create a Slack app here. Even if the Slack app configuration pages encourage you to upgrade to a newer permission model, don't upgrade it and continue using the "classic" bot permission.

Connecting to the RTM API

Note that the import here is not from slack_sdk.rtm import RTMClient but from slack_sdk.rtm_v2 import RTMClient (_v2 is added in the latter one).

import os
from slack_sdk.rtm_v2 import RTMClient

rtm = RTMClient(token=os.environ["SLACK_BOT_TOKEN"])

@rtm.on("message")
def handle(client: RTMClient, event: dict):
    if 'Hello' in event['text']:
        channel_id = event['channel']
        thread_ts = event['ts']
        user = event['user'] # This is not username but user ID (the format is either U*** or W***)

        client.web_client.chat_postMessage(
            channel=channel_id,
            text=f"Hi <@{user}>!",
            thread_ts=thread_ts
        )

rtm.start()

Connecting to the RTM API (v1 client)

Below is a code snippet that uses the legacy version of RTMClient. For new app development, we do not recommend using it as it contains issues that have been resolved in v2. Please refer to the list of these issues for more details.

import os
from slack_sdk.rtm import RTMClient

@RTMClient.run_on(event="message")
def say_hello(**payload):
    data = payload['data']
    web_client = payload['web_client']

    if 'Hello' in data['text']:
        channel_id = data['channel']
        thread_ts = data['ts']
        user = data['user'] # This is not username but user ID (the format is either U*** or W***)

        web_client.chat_postMessage(
            channel=channel_id,
            text=f"Hi <@{user}>!",
            thread_ts=thread_ts
        )

slack_token = os.environ["SLACK_BOT_TOKEN"]
rtm_client = RTMClient(token=slack_token)
rtm_client.start()

The rtm.start vs. rtm.connect API methods (v1 client)

By default, the RTM client uses the rtm.connect API method to establish a WebSocket connection with Slack. The response contains basic information about the team and WebSocket URL.

See the rtm.connect and rtm.start API methods for more details. Note that slack.rtm_v2.RTMClient does not support rtm.start.

RTM events

{
    'type': 'message',
    'ts': '1358878749.000002',
    'user': 'U023BECGF',
    'text': 'Hello'
}

Refer to the Legacy RTM events section for a complete list of events.